Experiment In Pupilometry :: essays research papers fc

IntroductionPupilometry is the study of how a pupil reacts to different perceptions and stimuli. The seek on the topic of pupilometry is scattered and fairly shallow. Related research has been conducted on facial expressions and their reaction and relation to emotion. There are some relationships to the facial expression research and pupilometry, but these relationships do not tell the tout ensemble story. Some interest has been brought up through research in the field of pupilometry and its predictive powers on emotion. Pupilometry has to do with the dilation and contraction of the pupil relative to the stimulation or emotion being studied. In the early stages of pupil dilation research, there was intrigue as to the response of the pupil to emotional situations. That focus shifted toward development processing, and soon emotional studies were completely ignored. One emotional study that was done questioned whether pupil size change, as a response to seeing nudity, was a worl d(a) indicator of arousal. Fifty women and fifty-seven men of the heterosexual college student variety, with a mean age of 21.4 years were studied. Results of that experiment indicated that pupils did dilate signifi piece of asstly more for nude test group than they did for the clothed group, regardless of the sex of the subject or the sex of the pictured person. It was the studys conclusion that the pupils dilated because of the increased emotional front end of arousal (Aboyoun and Dabbs 1998). Often, the eyes are poetically quipped as the window to your soul, mirror of you heart, or the gauges showing fleeting feelings and changes (Whiteside 1974). It has been studied that facial expressions can be inhibited by cognitively trying to hide them. In a study by Ursula Hess and Robert E. Kleck, spontaneous vs. deliberate facial emotions were studied. It was concluded that large number could deliberately control facial expression. Pupil reaction on the other hand is not controllable by cognitive means. The dilation and contraction of the pupils is an forced response based on reaction to stimulus and or emotion. Even if a person tried to hide their reaction to some stimulus physically, the size of the pupil could still be measured to observe a persons reaction to a situation (Hess, U. and Kleck 1997). Eckhard Hess states in his book that normal reactions to the emotion happy should indicate significantly larger pupil size than the emotion mad. He goes on to suggest that large doe-eyed pupils are seen as happy, and niggling beady-eyed pupils are seen as mad (Hess, E.

Anne Conway’s Critique of Cartesian Dualism :: Dualism Essays

Anne Conways Critique of Cartesian DualismABSTRACT I describe and analyze Anne Conways critique of Cartesian dualism. later a brief biographical introduction to Conway, I sketch some of the influences on her philosophy. I then describe her non-Cartesian view of substance. According to Conway, there is just one substance in created reality. This substance contains both matter and spirit. A purely material or spiritual substance is, she argues, an impossibility. Next, I discuss some(prenominal) of Conways arguments against Cartesian dualism. Firstly, dualism is inconsistent because dualists, while denying that concepts such as divisibility and extension are applicable to spiritual substance, nevertheless use such terms when describing the nous or spirit. They assume that soul or spirit is something particular which can be located somewhere. Secondly, she argues that dualism results in mechanism because it makes too sharp a notation between body and soul, thus regarding the body as a mechanical machine and the soul as something which is not integrally related to the body. Thirdly, dualism cannot account for the fundamental interaction between mind and body. The two substances of which a dualist speaks are defined on the fundament of the exclusion of characteristics. But the two things which have nothing in honey oil cannot influence each early(a) causally. 1. IntroductionDuring his lifetime and in the centuries following, the dualism and mechanism of Descartes philosophy gave rise to a great number of objections and discussions. In this article, I would wish to consider a response to Descartes views which is somewhat less well-known than others, that of Anne Conway. Conways reaction to Descartes is interesting because she speaks from out of a metaphysical tradition different from those of many other philosophers who discussed his ideas. (1) In addition, she makes use of a pre-modern, non-abstract idea of spirit, a conceptualisation of spirit which has bee n lost or sidelined in the philosophical tradition after Descartes. On the basis of an entirely different ontology of matter and spirit from that of Descartes, Conway questions the presuppositions of dualism as well as its abstract view of spiritual substance. In this paper, I will begin with a short biographical sketch of Conway and a survey of some of the main influences on her thought. I will then briefly describe her philosophical system. I will then discuss her critique of Descartes dualism. Finally, I will consider the question of how her views can be of value to us today.

Got Internet Pornography? Essay -- Internet Pornography Essays

Got Internet crock?Pornography is viewed differently by everyone. Is pornography as bad as it is made break through to be? What if it is that persons outlet from reality, just comparable smoking, drinking, snowboarding, skiing. Is it hurting anyone. Some avow it is degrading to women. Do those women that do it commemorate it is degrading. If they did they wouldnt do it. There atomic number 18 several different types of pornography in the world. It st fine arted in art where we had sculptures of Aphrodite naked, we had many artists who painted pictures of nude women. further slew look at that and say oh how pretty. But in the present day we have printing presses, we have net income, and people try to make their own art with their bodies and people criticize them. Why? How? atomic number 18 they jealous because they dont feel comfortable with showing their bodies to people. Pornography has taken a drastic disco biscuit since the internet. I will be lecture about the pros an d cons for pornography on the internet, the increase in child pornography, the booming of pornography on the internet ,and the bewilderment with all the different laws in our society. Pornography in the 90s has been on a steady increase. With the popularity of the internet growing daily, pornography has also grown. Pornography has NOT withal grown to the Herculean proportions which many believe. The manufacture itself according to Forbes is at best $520 million (Forbes.com) not the $10 billion which is a false statistic, also according to Forbes.(http//www.eden.rutgers.edu/%7Eskwong/pornography/internet.html). I believe that pornography on the internet is a good idea because you can monitor it easier than monitoring those hidden magazines that your kids somehow al delegacys find them. This way you dont have to go to the s... ...tables that show from a survey about how many people have visited sex sites broken down to phallic female, born again Christians, married, single, livin g together, divorced, and widowed. These graphs will show that pornography is not that dangerous, and is harmless. Although it has its pros and cons I am for pornography, it gives a person that escape from reality like everyone needs once in a while. On the down side I am and will always be against child pornography on some degree. Younger than 16 I am against it totally but 16 that is a gray bea for me because when I was 18 years overage my girlfriend was 16 years old. So its like looking at porn but in the flesh. Thats why I say they should make up their minds about the age. all you can give consent to get pictures taken of you or you cant give sex until you are 18. Its one or the early(a) it cant be both. Got Internet Pornography? Essay -- Internet Pornography EssaysGot Internet Pornography?Pornography is viewed differently by everyone. Is pornography as bad as it is made out to be? What if it is that persons outlet from reality, just like smoking, drink ing, snowboarding, skiing. Is it hurting anyone. Some say it is degrading to women. Do those women that do it think it is degrading. If they did they wouldnt do it. There are several different types of pornography in the world. It started in art where we had sculptures of Aphrodite naked, we had many artists who painted pictures of nude women. But people look at that and say oh how pretty. But in the present day we have printing presses, we have internet, and people try to make their own art with their bodies and people criticize them. Why? How? Are they jealous because they dont feel comfortable with showing their bodies to people. Pornography has taken a drastic turn since the internet. I will be talking about the pros and cons for pornography on the internet, the increase in child pornography, the booming of pornography on the internet ,and the confusion with all the different laws in our society. Pornography in the 90s has been on a steady increase. With the popularity of the in ternet growing daily, pornography has also grown. Pornography has NOT however grown to the Herculean proportions which many believe. The industry itself according to Forbes is at best $520 million (Forbes.com) not the $10 billion which is a false statistic, also according to Forbes.(http//www.eden.rutgers.edu/%7Eskwong/pornography/internet.html). I believe that pornography on the internet is a good idea because you can monitor it easier than monitoring those hidden magazines that your kids somehow always find them. This way you dont have to go to the s... ...tables that show from a survey about how many people have visited sex sites broken down to male female, born again Christians, married, single, living together, divorced, and widowed. These graphs will show that pornography is not that dangerous, and is harmless. Although it has its pros and cons I am for pornography, it gives a person that escape from reality like everyone needs once in a while. On the down side I am and wi ll always be against child pornography on some degree. Younger than 16 I am against it totally but 16 that is a gray area for me because when I was 18 years old my girlfriend was 16 years old. So its like looking at porn but in the flesh. Thats why I say they should make up their minds about the age. Either you can give consent to get pictures taken of you or you cant give sex until you are 18. Its one or the other it cant be both.

William Blake :: essays research papers

William Blake is said to be a very visual artist and in his visions, is where he got all of his ideas. In this essay Im going to explore some of Blakes works and the visions that caused him to write nearly some of the things that he wrote about.William Blake, born November 28, 1757, grew up as the son of a haberdasher, Blake, with close to zero education in a London suburb due to having a meritless temper. He taught himself everything that he knew. From the ages of 0 to 14, he taught himself how to read and he had read many of Miltons pieces, the Bible, and some of Shakespeares work. He also taught himself Latin (Norton 65). During his cede time since he didnt attend school, he spent this time in a print shop. He spent his pocket money for engravings of varied Italian Masters. All of this freedom that he had helped him to gather impressions and sensations from the world that helped him with his drawings until he died. Later in his life he decided on apprenticing as an engraver kind of of becoming an artist, even though he was a friend of many of the great artists. He worked as an apprentice for a well-known engraver. His engraving skills that he learned helped him with his craftsmanship, and a higher branch of art (Raine 9-10). Blake married an illiterate woman at the age of twenty-four, named Catherine. He decided on courting her in Battersea, and the church where they were married is the only church still standing to this very day (Raine 7). Blake encountered many hardships in his life including being arrested for making slanderous statements about different things. All of the events that Blake endured in his life had a great influence on his masterful writings and drawings. It was once said that Blake and his wife were so poor, that his wife would lay an empty plate in front of him at dinner because they didnt have anything at all to eat, and this made Blake acquire drawing pictures of what he wished was on his plate. One task that he was assigned wa s to draw many of the monuments of kings and queens in Westminster Abbey. When Blake was young he had many different visions that also caused him to start drawing these visions on the flaps of his dads books.

My Star- Lesbian Relationship :: Personal Narrative Relationships Papers

My Star I sat on the edge of her bed, with my head in my hands, crying. My heart was pounding and adrenaline rushed through my veins, making me feel sick to my stomach. I couldnt make myself calm down. I couldnt even take a breath. My hands trembled as I wiped the hair out of my eyes. I glanced through my tears at Star, huddled in the corner of her bright yellow room. She was curled up in a ball with her head on her knees, shaking. I stared, wondering what she was thinking, and what I should do. I wanted so badly to go comfort her as we both cried, but I felt as though I could never touch her again. I felt dirty, even evil. I began to question every belief Id ever had, even who I was. I looked back down to the ground, and watched everything fade away as more tears formed in my eyes. I wanted to just disappear, to leave my body behind, and not have to deal with what was about to happen. My roommate Star and I had decided to go to Tampa to visit her family for the weekend. She stood o ver my bed one Friday morning, watching me sleep. I heart-to-heart my eyes and smiled expecting her to crawl in like she did every morning after her first class, but instead she asked You wanna come to Tampa with me? She had a huge, fake smile on her face, as if she was saying please. I didnt hesitate. Sure, I said as I made room for her next to me. How could I say no to Star, especially when she smiled at me like that? I didnt care where we were going, but I knew I didnt want to spend a weekend with out her. Star was the only child of devil extremely religious parents, and attended Catholic school her whole life. She was very sheltered, and modest, whereas I am a very open-minded, liberal person, who is anything but modest. She was Hispanic, and had dark brown, short, curly hair, that she always hid with a bandana. Her eyes were almost black, and were so mysterious and deep that I could stare into them and get lost. She wore pointy, black glasses that I called her sassy libra rian glasses. She dressed how my friends would describe as dykey.

Everybodys All American :: essays research papers

     Everybodys All-American is the story of a famous football player who becomes an overweight middle-aged has-been. Gavin "the Gray Ghost" Gray is a legendary college football player who marries his homecoming queen sweetheart and embarks on a professional career full of difficulties. The Gray Ghost is a lah football legend. There had never been a better, faster ball player, and everyone knows the hero is headed for pro football. To no ones surprise, Gavin marries his sweetheart, beauty queen Babs. He is a first-draft pick in the pros, as expected, and soon after that, the two begin their family. I was especially interested in this movie because I am, myself, a college athlete. This movie brought out the immensity of having a life and goals other than playing a professional sport. Too many young athletes these days have unrealistic goals of going to the pros, while in actuality the chances of them doing so are next to impossible. Many athletes are in college just to play their sport, and do not care about their academic performance. Eventually, the limelight entrust fade and professional athletes will become has-beens left to reminisce about their glory days. Often in college, athletes will do just enough to take up by and not care about what their academic performance means. Unfortunately, especially in some larger schools, preferential treatment for athletes does exist among the faculty. This also gives athletes the expediency at the time, but hurts them in the long run. In the movie, the ideal marriage of Gavin and Babs begins to come apart, when Gavin cannot deal with the loss of the glory he had in his youth.

Personal Reflection on the Loss of my Aunt

I have been very lucky in that I have not suffered the loss of an immediate family member or significant other however, I have suffered the loss of a family member that was incredibly important to me during my childhood and with whom I was particularly tight fitting my aunty. In this paper, I discuss this loss and my own process of melancholy.I present this process more-or-less chronologic in all in ally, bringing up relevant theories of loss along the way. When I was young, my family lived a short remoteness away from my aunt and her family. Her son, my cousin, was slightly the same age as me, and we spent a lot of meter together.During the summers, I was at their base every day, and we overlyk encompassing vacations together every summer. During the school year, weekends were spent at her house, and it was often she who picked me up from school. Because we spent so such(prenominal) time together, we developed quite a close relationship. Later on, my family moved, but I c alled my aunt at least once a week, and I spent as much time as affirmable with her. In addition to being my godmother, she easily became my confidant, someone who I could talk to about anything, and I loved being able to spend time with her.The expectant news about her diagnosis with cancer (a rare form of leukaemia) came when I was 13. The entire family rallied behind her. When she tried a macrobiotic diet, we all joined her. When doctors suggested a bone marrow transplant, everyone who was eligible got tested to regard if they were a match. When she needed frequent blood transfusions, we all got our blood tested to see if our blood would be better for her than the supply in the blood bank. Throughout this whole process, the thought that my aunt could die never crossed my mind.I never even considered it as a possibility even when she lost all her hair from chemotherapy, even when she lost too much weight, even when she was incredibly pale from anaemia. It is quite possible that my uncle, her native caregiver, suffered from anticipatory grief, or grief suffered in anticipation of death. Mallon (2008) remarked that this type of grief can be experienced by the person who is dying as tumesce as their family. When I moved away from home, I still talked to my aunt frequently. Every time I talked to her, she sounded in such good health.The last time I talked to her, she was being very active and had taken up playing tennis. I called her for her birthday, but she wasnt home, so I left her a pass on on her answering machine wishing her happy birthday and saying that I would call her back. My life was very hectic at that time, and I didnt get a chance to call her for a couple of days. Three days after her birthday, my mom called me and told me that my aunt was in the hospital with internal bleeding. She told me that it was expert and that I should try to come home to see my aunt. I got off the phone and bought a plane ticket for the near day.I called my mom ba ck to specialise her when I would arrive, and as I was talking to her, she received the news that my aunt had died. I was in complete shock. I could not understand how this could have happened. I was on the phone with my mom, and I couldnt say anything. One of my first reactions was feeling guilt. I felt so guilty for thinking that all my detailed stresses were so important that I couldnt take five minutes to call my aunt and wish her a happy birthday. I wondered if my aunt knew how much I loved her and how much she meant to me. My mom stayed on the phone with me as long as she could, but she had other phone calls to make.I was geographically distanced from my family, and all I wanted to do was be with people who had known my aunt, who understood what a howling(prenominal) person she was, and who knew how much she meant to me. I called some friends, and they came over to keep me company. I am very grateful that they were in that respect for me, but at the time, all I could think about was how much I wanted to be with my family. The next day, I flew to my aunts home town for the funeral. The whole extended family was there as were about a hundred of the people who knew her well. Because she was cremated, there was no visitation.While I respect this decision for cremation, I would have very much appreciated the chance to see my aunt one last time. At the church, in place of the coffin, there was a framed picture of my aunt in front of the urn carrying her ashes. The service was very personalized. Even if I had not considered the particular that my aunt might die, she and my uncle had put a lot of thought into her memorial service. They had chosen music that had meaning for them, including the song they first danced to at their wedding. This personalized service locomote in line with a characteristic of modern-day Western memorials cited by Valentine (2006).The author mentions qualitative research that has shown that these memorials are often creative and h ighly idiosynchratic sic, reflecting the tastes and the emotions of the family problematical (Bradbury, 2001, p. 221 cited in Valentine, 2006). During the service, I noticed a lot of diverse sorrow styles. Some, like myself, cried a lot. Others, like my grandmother, made a concerted effort not to cry (or at least not to let anyone see them cry). My grandmother actually wore sunglasses in the church so that no one could see her tears. At the time, I wondered why she did not want anyone to witness her sorrow.After all losing a child (even one who is grown up) must be one of the superior losses one could experience. Immediately after the service, there was a reception at the church. All of my aunts friends and colleagues from her work came and introduced themselves to the family and spoke about how wonderful a person my aunt was. At the time, I found this ritual to be a bit strange. I wanted to go back to her house and be with my family. Looking back on this experience, however, I see that these people wanted us to know how influential a person my aunt was exterior of the context in which we best knew her.They also wanted to be there to support us in our time of sorrow. Now, I am very thankful of their kind thoughts. When we returned to my aunts house, I noticed a huge collection of butterflies flying around her front porch. This was such an odd occurrence that I now always associate butterflies with my aunt. Whenever I see a butterfly, I think of my aunt and imagine that she is watching over me. This association came later in the grieving process and is an example of what has been termed inveterate bonds. At the house, someone had laid out plates and plates of food.There was even more food (including seven hams) in the refrigerator and freezer. At the time, the last thing any of us could think about was eating, and I thought how bizarre it is that when someone dies, friends and neighbours rush over with casseroles and hams. After reflecting upon this expe rience, it seems that this is their way of cover they care. While they cannot really do anything to ease our suffering, they can at least ensure that the family has all of their material needs so that they can focus their assist on the grieving process.The family gathered around albums of photos. We told stories about my aunt. This reminiscing meant a lot to me. At last, I had a chance to talk to people who knew my aunt. We told stories about all of the great summer vacations, about all of the times my aunt caught us kids doing things we werent supposed to be doing, about all of her volunteer work, about all of the kids she had mentored, about what she was like as a young girl, about how she met my uncle, and about how she and my mom became best friends. All of these stories were very therapeutic for me.They gave me further knowledge about my aunt and solidified my conception of her as being a defining influence on my life. Although I wasnt quite ready to accept the accompaniment that she was gone, I was beginning to realize that she would never really be gone because her existence had marked me as a person. How I lived my life was a locution of her. Without her, I would not be who I am now. The way in which I look at this is another example of a keep bond, though this one is more intangible than the butterflies mentioned above.Now that I am fully able to embrace this idea, I feel that I have moved through the grieving process, at least for the primary loss of my aunt. I still have not, however, fully dealt with the secondary loss. After my aunts death, my uncle (my godfather) distanced himself from our family. Perhaps we remind him too much of his wife. Perhaps he feels that he has no connection to us without her as she was our blood relative. I, however, will always consider him to be part of my family, and I am a bit angry that he doesnt want to continue having a relationship with me.Valentine (2006) remarks that bereavement has been traditionally marg inalized and that the primary goal of grief counselling has been the severing of ties and attachments with the deceased. This is the type of thought that underlies many of the different corresponds of grief theories. One example of a stages of grief theory is that of Kubler-Ross. Kubler-Ross (1997) developed a five-stage set for the grief process denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Another example is Parkess three phases of grief, modelled on the four-phase model of Bowlby.Each of these theories seems to conceive of grief as a linear process there are stages that an mortal must pass through on the way to accepting, or adjusting to, their loss. For me at least, these theories do not describe my own experience of dealing with grief. For example, I never passed through the denial, anger, and bargaining phases of Kubler-Rosss model. One model that resonates well with my own experiences is Bowlbys four stages of grief (1980). In an earlier work, Bowlby draw his th eory of attachment, whereby individuals develop emotional bonds with others.Death disrupts this attachment bond, and the bereaved then passes through four phases numbness and disbelief, yearning and searching, disorganization and despair, and reorganization (Bowbly, 1980). In my experience, I had definitely developed an attachment bond with my aunt. When my mom first told me that my aunt had died, I was in disbelief. I began to pass through the second stage immediately after the funeral. At first I was not able to sit still, I simultaneously wanted to be in my aunts home with my family and to base on balls in the woods around her house alone.All of the reminiscing my family did gave me an outlet for my preoccupations with thoughts of my aunt. Once I returned home, her death really hit me (stage three). I was once again geographically distanced from my family, and I was beginning to realize that I would never have the chance to talk to my aunt again, to ask for advice, and to go for walks on the beach. Eventually, I was able to get to stage four through the acknowledgment of inveterate bonds. Klass, Silverman, and Nickman (1996) presented the idea of continuing bonds.This model contrasts traditional notions of bereavement in that it does not emphasize completely detaching oneself from the deceased. By creating continuing bonds, the bereaved can continue to have a sort of relationship with their loved one after death. For me, I have developed two continuing bonds with my aunt. The first is whenever I see a butterfly, I think of my aunt and imagine her looking out for me. These moments allow me to reflect, at least briefly, on the racecourse of my life and question whether I am holding to the ethical and moral principles she instilled in me.The second continuing bond is related to the first. I acknowledge the fact that part of who I am is a result of her influence. I know the kind of person she was, and I turned to her so many times for advice, that I can stil l hear her voice inside my head and I know what she would say to me. Both of these continuing bonds illustrate Klass, Silverman, and Nickmans (1996) concept of continuing bonds as active relationships, as opposed to static memories. In conclusion, grieving is a complex process that every individual will experience differently.An individuals process will be determined by their relationship with the deceased, the support of family and friends, cultural and societal factors, and how they are able to re-interpret their relationship with the deceased. Scholars from many different fields have developed different models for the grieving process. For me, the model that fit the best was Bowlbys attachment theory and four phases of grief. act bonds, as expound by Klass, Silverman, and Nickman, was essential for me to move through the grieving process.ReferencesBowlby, J. (1980). Loss Sadness & Depression. London Hogarth Press. Hooyman, N. R. & Kramer, B. J. (2006).Living through Loss Interv entions across the Life Span. New York Columbia University Press. Klass, D. , Silverman, P. R. , & Nickman, S. Continuing Bonds New Understandings of Grief. London Taylor & Francis. Kubler-Ross, E. (1997).On Death and Dying. New York Scribner. Mallon, B. (2008).Dying, Death and Grief. Thousand Oaks Sage Publications. Valentine, C. (2006).Academic constructions of bereavement. Mortality, 1 (11), 57-78.

Well Behaved Women Seldom Make History

Well-Behaved Women Seldom Make History The novel, Well-Behaved Women Seldom Make History, by laurel Ulrich is about women who never intended to make history just now did in different ways. History is usually always revolved around men, and not some mention about the women who have helped in creating history. Through the early modern era women showed progress in making the United States a better place.With writers and activists handle Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Christine de Pizan and Virginia Woolf, the contributions from these individuals they influenced others with bettering our country with different movements that have changed the view of what we see today and what we could have seen if these women did not take any action. From the beginning I knew this novel was about women who seldom make history and this got me thinking. Men are always acknowledged for what they do, but you dont unfeignedly hear much about what women have do for this country.Elizabeth Cady Stanton was first inspired by a Quaker who believed in the equality of sexes and who did not believe in the popular orthodox religion. As time passed, Stanton met Lucretia Mott at the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London and when the conference refused to seat them and other women delegates from America because of their sex, Stanton and Mott called a convention to address the condition of women, called The Seneca Falls Convention. This convention began her customary career.Stanton wrote articles for the press, letters to other conventions and even gave speeches. This group of women grew immensely until the time had finally arrived where the national victory came in 1920 after 72 years it was first organized. The root focuses a part of the book on Stantons book called Eighty Years and More. Her book was an autobiography of herself was mostly on her connection between her deportment and slavery. Many white people are not considered slaves, but she considered herself a slave.Stanton helped numero us people during her time she helped the Harriets, a lot. They made it into history and pretty popular, but the one that helped, Stanton, is still rarely known. This is why the author writes her book, so show awareness of women who do much work in history, but are not as well known for their movements. Christine de Pizan started her writing journey by using her skills in penmanship to work as a scribe and copyist past over time becoming a writer.She wrote the book The City of Ladies to prove others her point where not only because she is a women but a scholar too, why should she be considered less of a person. Her writing also raises the issues like violence against women. In her book, she refers to the classical mythology where Amazons who were female warriors who fought against the Greeks in the Trojan War. She makes note of good Amazons and no-good Amazons, like the Joan of Arc and Elizabeth I who fought against men and the social order.Ulrich mentions that in the last thirty years the Amazons have inspired archaeologists, historians, poets, scriptwriters, feminist activists, and pencil-trotting travelers and which all started with Pizan making a note of that in her own book. This shows how these people have been recognized but still Pizan is still rarely known and under all their successes. Virginia Woolf being the tertiary women mentioned in this novel by Ulrich her story is based on the book she wrote called Orlando. Woolfs writing journey started when she moved with her brother and sister in the Bloomsbury regulate of London and became a writer of fiction.Her story concludes that a revelation of that a woman could be as tolerant and free-spoken as a man, and a man as strange and subtle as a women. As from this book, the idea spread and Sally Fox launched a project which became a personal passion. She made her move and was recognized for her work, but Woolf remains in the dust barely known still. This novel written by Ulrich, I found really interes ting because of the way she acknowledges the work these three women have done to inspire others in what they believe in.Although, those women get recognized for their work, but these three women who begin the full treatment under cover do not. Even though this novel is very hard to understand because the author skips around leaving incomplete ideas which left me wall hanging in trying to figure out what her big picture was. From my understanding of this novel, I believe the author is trying to make a point of where in that respect are women in history that do not get recognized for their work, but others that carry on their work do.

Salary of Professional Athletes

Professional athletes argon among the highest-paid individuals in the world nowadays. Their salaries have catapulted to meteorological levels and there argon no signs of going down. Ridiculous amount of money is always in tow, whenever an athlete is signed by a aggroup owner in order to dramatise the teams popularity. This will bring back revenues, and entice advertisers and athletic companies to sponsor the team as well. Team owners always mean business. There ar no business ethical motive involved in transactions in order to augment the teams performance and popularity. Team managers are always at the helm of retaining their prized franchise pseudos.Managers are more than than willing to hand out heft contracts to their franchise and star players in order to match any other team offer. The minimum annual payment of athletes is beyond $100,000. This amount increases whenever an athlete is showing tremendous performance to help the team increase their popularity by winning ga mes. Athletic salaries, exuberant and irrational as they may seem, are non crucial to economic requisites of a country, With this in mind, some people with blue-collar jobs have perceived that professional athletes are laughably making large amounts of money.In a corporation that people value hardwork, athletes are sometimes seen as complacent overpaid professionals who dont live up to the various expectations of the society. Ironically, this meteoric salary issue is the result of an awesome manic fan feedback to sports teams. People are the ones who shell out absurd amounts of money to buy team merchandise. assuage tickets increase delinquent to the fact that this is the way how team owners make money to pay their star employees. This only shows that sports are highly considered an important part of the society itself.People find professional athletes ridiculously overpaid, yet they tolerate such by buying merchandise and tickets, which fuels a teams funds. One must ponder h ow a countrys government can use such exuberant amount of money to solve problems and to pay debts in world banks. Some athletes dont really value the worth(predicate) of hard-earned money. However, some athletes are helping the society by engaging in charitable acts. This suggests that huge athletic salaries can either be a practiced thing or a bad thing. How are Sports Leagues Moderating Player Salaries?Obviously, basketball players have the highest sightly salary among all professional athletes. NBA teams are know for allocating large amounts of money to its players, which are very popular in an international scale. NBA players average more than $4 billion on an annual basis. Former Miami modify center Shaquille ONeal has amassed an estimated $20 million in the 2005 placate alone. Surprisingly, the minimum salary at that season for rookies was $398,762, which was more than the $1. 1 million that 10-year NBA veterans get (Woolford, 2007). This only shows that the average min imum salary has experienced its peak.With this in mind, non-sports afficionados have generate opinionated statements towards the exuberant salary that is tolerated by team owners. However, the close to expensive sports contract pass out for a professional athlete was non in the NBA. Alex Rodriguez of the New York Yankees signed a 10-year $252 million contract in 2000. Derek Jeter succeeds him as the second highest-paid player in the MLB. Let us compare the salaries of baseball players to instructors. Baseball players make an average of $2. 9 million, while teachers were getting an average pay of $46,597 in 2003.This of sort generates the notion that how matter you contribute to the society it only shows that you are not worth the monetary value you deserve while contributing to your society. A teacher from South Carolina has this to say I dont mind that athletes get paid so very much, said Franklin Davis, a history teacher at leap Valley High School in Columbia, S. C. I enjoy what I do and dont do it for the money, even though it wouldnt contuse to make more. (Woolford, 2007). Among the sports confederacy, only the National Football League (NFL) implements an iron fist on its players salaries.Teams from the NBA, MLB, and NHL all guarantee a contract, which grants its players a salary security due to the fact that an athlete will only play for a team that offers his desired salary. The only consolation an NFL player gets is a signing bonuses stipulation that support teams if a certain player is inactive (Woolford, 2007). In order for the NBA to moderate team owners in spending exuberant amounts of money on player contracts, the league has proposed the system of salary cap that will designate these owners from handing out huge contracts. A salary cap helps maintains the balance in a much agonistical league like the NBA.Teams can very well overwhelm and outspend some teams by handing out huge contracts to free agents who would augment their rosters. Th is concept suggests that a skilful free agent can only sign for a team who will not exceed its salary cap. With this in mind, a team with much financial capability is playing in a level with the other teams (Coon, 2008). Statistics have shown that the salary cap system have moderate the league in terms of competitiveness. The correlation between team payroll and regular season wins was at a low 0. 12 (Coon, 2008).This suggests that there in no correlation between a team winning and the salary of its players (Coon, 2008). The salary cap system has been first introduced in 1947. NBA players were earning between $4000 to $5000 at that time. Salary cap limit was $55,000. The latest and modern salary cap proposal was ushered in 1984 at $3. 6 million (Coon, 2008). Eventually, it increased by $1 million each season. In 1994 it was halted at $15. 964 million (Coon, 2008). Salary cap increases are associated with the fluctuations of currency exchange as well. in 1995, salary cap increased again at $23. million acknowledging a huge television contract from NBC. In the 1997 season, it increased at $26. 9. In 2002, the much anticipated ABC/ESPN contract was imminent and generated a $4. 6 billion over six years, but less than what NBC paid in 2001. This salary cap was greatly affected with such. It shows that the salary cap system has its flaws as well, yet it aids in moderating a teams financial capabilities in spoiling its players from getting large and irrational amounts of money. The Holistic Consequences of Athletic Compensation A myriad of economic issues has plagued the NBA for the 1998 season.A massive player lockout and other issues have seen NBA players union and the Commissioner arguing and debating about revenues and player salary restrictions. The lockout has caused a delay of the season and games suspended until a compromise is reached by both parties. During the negotiations between the two parties, Andrew Zimbalist, a consultant for the union, has asserte d that the league has employed strategies in order to touch on the competitive balance of the league per se. Yet this move hampered the salaries of basketball players who want spontaneous salary increases in an instant.The lockout has generated a handful of rational amendments, which included the bright salary regulation of players. Amendments include restriction of players salaries to a certain limit, evaluating the draft order of players in order to accommodate poorer teams, and revenue sharing among team owners (Kern, 2000). NBA team owners are the primary proponents of the massive salary cap restriction movement. The restriction will make financially weak teams secure in surviving in a widely competitive league. Arguably, this notion is not completely true.If such financially-challenged teams are complaining, then most teams are losing money and arena-hopping would be impossible. Yet those moves are easily initiated by most NBA teams. Ironically, the same teams who proposed su ch are the same teams who clamored for the omission of the Larry Bird exception that augmented the maintenance of competitive league balance. This generated the not all owners are willing to pay exuberant amounts of money to their players and their only goal is to raise more profits. With this in mind, compensation for basketball players is hampered.The notion that these athletes are overpaid is easily omitted, and brings about a favorable opinion about salaries of professional athletes (Ocampo, 2008). Arguably, if NBA team owners are really bent on promoting competitive balance they must adhere to the NFLs method of revenue sharing. Yet such strategy would generate more complicated issues for basketball and baseball leagues alike. The best solution for such is to generate a new set of league rules in order to hamper to the increasing. Eventually, large market teams will be compelled to share their market with teams from competing leagues.Cities will not have to compete against each other by showcasing newly-built teams in order to attract teams (Kern, 2000) Player compensation are also affected by such moves on the part of team owners. Eventually, the issue of redundant salary of professional athletes are place in further scrutiny by spectators. In conclusion, most professional athletes are making excess amount of money in the most irrational way. Team owners are spoiling their players in giving in to their monetary demands. These athletes are supposed to be role models for children. Yet, in one way or another doesnt exemplify the apt behavior towards monetary issues.Arguably, they do not teach the youth to value hard-earned money, and earning in a proper way. Yet this is not the real issue per se. The real issue here is that how are professional athletes spending their salaries. It is good to know that some players use their monetary capabilities to put up charitable institutions and involve themselves in community service as well. With this in mind, the deb ate on whether these professional athletes are overpaid or not are not completely answered. Professional athletes are either overpaid or underpaid depending on the economic state of the country they reside in.

Over Coming Fear

General Purpose To inform Specific Purpose To inform my audience of the five characteristics that change Marines to quash fear. Central Idea There are five characteristics of the Marine corps that help Marines overcome fears. Introduction Many Marines do not desire to admit when they are scared. Some dont ever show emotion. But everyone gets scared at some point in their life. It could be something as simple as getting a passing grade on a test or assignment.It could be as extreme as cosmos part of an elite squad of ground pounding Marines who are getting ready to kick in doors or go in to rescue a sniper squad that has been pinned down by enemy fire. How do you think you would feel? Scared? Maybe a little intimidated? Heart racing possibly? Today I am going to inform you about the Marine corps Principles for overcoming fear. I go forth describe and identify for you, the five characteristics that en satisfactory Marines to overcome fear every day. Those virtues are discipline, motivation, Esprit de Corps, morale, and proficiency.Discipline over the years has acquired at least three different meanings punishment, respect, and self-control. 1 Have you ever been in a situation that you knew you were doing something wrong, but you decided to do it anyway? Did you ever hear that little voice in the back of your head asking you What if you get caught? What will this do for your future if you do get caught? Military discipline is no different than that of any major sport, or at a university academically. If you do something that disrupts the well(p) order of the system, there will be repercussions.There are several forms of punishment in the U. S. Marine Corps, ranging from an informal counseling to being dishonorably action for your actions. Obedience among military personnel is a result of the training that they capture received throughout their careers. You do not want to become blindly docile and closed minded in the Marine Corps. Doing such may result i n the carrying out of improper or illegal orders. 2 True obedience implies exercising discipline as an active thinking participant and using proper judgment to determine if a situation is justified.Self-control is doing what is right counterbalance when no one is watching. You need to be able to control your emotions in situations that may cause a normal individual to panic. Fear is the enemy of discipline. 3 Using self-control will allow you to harness your fear and channel that emotion towards accomplishing the mission at hand. * Transition Along with discipline, proficiency as a Marine is required for any member of the Marine Corps to accomplish their specific tasks. Proficiency is defined as the technical, tactical and physical ability of the individuals in a unit to accomplish a given mission. macrocosm proficient in your MOS is to know what to do how to do it the right way and knowing how to realize a situation should a problem arise. Being proficient as a Marine, involves showing that you can accomplish the basic operating procedures required. Transition Being proficient in your job as a Marine rifleman as well as your MOS, can give you the motivation to go above and beyond what is expected of you. Motivation can be described as wanting to set and achieve the highest goals possible.Wanting to get a perfect score on a PFT is an example of wanting to uphold the high standards set by the Marine Corps. Using fear as motivation to accomplish your task is a perfect example of self-control. Transition They are faced with impossible odds, and I have no valid reason to substantiate it, but I have a feeling they will halt the enemy. I realize my expression of hope is unsound, but these Marines have the swagger, confidence, and hardness that must have been in stymy Jacksons Army of the Shenandoah. 4 Esprit de Corps is present when units show a degree of pride, vigor, and gumption. Have a strong competitive spirit with another(prenominal) Marines. Training wit h other Marines to better one another, shows competitiveness, cohesion, and helps you become more proficient as a Marine enabling you to overcome your fear of any task or situation. manifest pride in the memorial of the Corps and observe its many traditions. 1. Taking a walk through the National Museum of the Marine Corps and mmersing yourself in our history and learning about those that came before you can strengthen the esprit de corps within yourself. 2. Observation of traditions such as the Marine Corps birthday shows your recognition of the in-chief(postnominal) role Marines have played in forming the United States of America into the country it is today. Transition While esprit de corps shows the enthusiasm the unit expresses for the Marine Corps, morale depends on a Marines attitude towards everything that affects them. Morale is an individuals state of mind.High morale gives the Marine a feeling of confidence and well-being that enables them to face failure with courage, endurance, and determination. 6 Indicators of morale can be either positive or negative Personal appearance and hygiene. Motivation during training. A request for transfer. The usage and roast of drugs and alcohol. 7 Summary By demonstrating these five aspects which are discipline, motivation, esprit de corps, morale, and proficiency, you are showing yourself and others how to overcome the obstacle of fear.As a Marine you need to be able to lead others while being able to control your fear. By channeling your emotions, you will find it easier to accomplish the mission at hand. Fear is not an option it is a crutch the weak use to lean upon. We as Marines are not weak. References 1. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for handling leaders. Apendix E rapscallion 15-45 Foundations of leadership. paragraph one. 2. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for discussion leaders. Apendix E page 15-45 Foundations of leadership. paragraph two 3.MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for discussion leaders. Apendix E page 15-46 Foundations of leadership. paragraph one 4. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for discussion leaders. this kind of war, t. r. Fehrenback page 12-37 5. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for discussion leaders. page 21-36 paragraph two 6. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for discussion leaders. page 15-8 subparagraph A 7. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A Users Guide for discussion leaders. page 15-8 paragraph 2

Titus Andronicus Character Study

What do we learn about Titus Andronicus in the opening to Shakespeares scarper? Our first introduction to the character of Titus Andronicus is by way of a speech my his son, Marcus, who represents the voice of the common people in the election campaign for emperory, declaring that Titus Andronicus has been chosen by the people of Rome to be the next emperor. He hails Titus as a hero, saying that there is non a nobler or braver warrior to be found indoors all of Rome.He is obviously held in great esteem by Marcus, who calls him good Andronicus, and Ren professed Titus. These descriptions of him using the positive epithets are powerful yet in truth simple to understand. He is portrayed in a very positive light, and is well respected within Rome for his many years of military campaigns against the enemies of Rome. He returns a hero, with a claim to the title of emperor. However, his successes have not come without great person losses, as we learn he has buried many of his sons on re turn from his various military causes.The first insight we see into his character is one of cruelty and vengefulness, when he rejects Tamoras pleas to spare her first-born son and is the perpetrator of entire violence, sacrificing him in revenge for the deaths of his sons at the hands of the Goths, her people. This view of Titus as a merciless killer starkly contradicts what we had learned about him from Marcus, who led us to expect Titus to be honourable and good and sets the tone for the play as dark and brutal. The sudden violence is a shock, and we see that there are 2 sides to his character the much loved hero and the ruthless warrior.Titus has fought for Rome for 40 years, so is quite old by Roman standards and though he has been chosen by the people to be their emperor, he feels that he is not suitable to rule A better head her glorious body fits, than his that shakes for age and feebleness. here he is saying that he feels he is no fit to rule an empire as glorious as the Roman Empire, and relinquishes he claim to rule. This obscurity of character is a huge contrast from the violent nature we saw him display when he demanded the death of Alarbus.He asks for a staff of honour rather of a sceptre to control the world and favours off to be emperor in his place, as he is the late emperors eldest son, wake that he values tradition over the far more virtuous character or Bassianus. He then shows loyalty to the unlikeable Saturninus over his own son, mercilessly killing him when he stands in his way. This second brutal act because of his slavish loyalty to Rome provokes even the violent Goths to declare that they are not half so barbarous as Rome.The honourable Titus that we were first introduced to actually shows contempt for honour in trying to force his daughter to break her betrothal, and his erroneous devotion to Roman customs causes more harm than good, especially to him he quickly goes from being the favourite of Rome to being despised by Satur nine because of the betrayal of his family. His actions seem chaotic and random, yet follow the ongoing theme of revenge, making Titus Andronicus a revenge tragedy.

Impact: Mass Media Essay

The presence and intensity of media influencestelevision, radio, music, computers, movies, videos, and the Internetare increasingly recognized as an classic part of the social ecology of children and youth, and these influences exact become more than visible and volatile in recent decades. The influence of the media on the psychosocial development of children is profound. Thus, it is important for parents to discuss with their children about their motion-picture show to media and to provide guidance on age-appropriate pulmonary tuberculosis of all media, including television, radio, music, video games and the Internet.A child born in the 1930s might have spent as much as several hours a week listening to the radio reading comic books, wordpapers, or magazines or watching a film at a local theatre. Since television was prototypical introduced in the 1950s, the number of hours immature people spend interacting in some expression with media, as well as the range and capabilitie s of the many devices and activities that could be considered media experiences, have increased to an extent far beyond the imagining of todays grandparents when they were young. Children today use electronic media from two to five hours daily, and infantseven in uteroare on a regular basis exposed to a variety of media The objectives of this statement are to explore the beneficial and harmful effects of media on childrens mental and physiological health, and to identify how physicians tin counsel patients and their families and conjure the healthy use of the media in their communities.Media Media is the plural of medium and give the axe take a plural or singular verb, depending on the mother wit intended. These are communication channels through which news, education, data, entertainment, or promotional messages are disseminated. Media includes real broadcasting and narrowcasting medium such as newspapers, TV, radio, magazines, billboards, direct mail, speech sound, fax, and internet.Types of media The four commonplace types of media are * Print media * Electronic mediaPrint media definition Print media is a rather comm whole used term referring to the medium that disseminates issueed matter. In everyday sustenance we refer to release media as the indus correct associated with the printing and mostly with the distribution of news through a network of media, such as newspapers and journals. passel likewise refer to print media simply with the term press its an intermediate communicative channel aiming at reaching a life-sized number of people. narrativeThe printing revolution started with Johann Gutenberg in the 15th century and became the base for the expanded economic consumption of the dissemination of news introducing the means that provide print media mass circulation. The physical presentation of most publications and print media in the 20th century has been very similar to those of the 18th and 19th centuriesprinted on a large sheet of paper, and a lot folded to facilitate storing and carrying. TypesPrint media include all printed forms of press newspapers, news earn, booklets, magazines and pamphlets as well as other printed publications such as books and printed literature. The vast major(ip)ity of print media refers to the publications that switch advertising space to raise revenue. Most print media, with the exception of magazines and journals are local or national, while many magazines are international. Out-of-home media Out-of-home media is also cognise as place-based media. This includes billboards, outdoor boards, transit posters, theatre and video ads, product placements in movies, aerial advertising, electronic kiosks, ads in elevators, banner displays on ATMs, sidewalk chalk messages, etc. importationAudiences learn and distinguish priorities from reading print media it might be less(prenominal) obvious but the audiences committed to the press use it as a permutation for their social entourage an d the community. People adopt the press agenda of issues as their own. Different types of individuals become more focused on the same public issues, suggesting that the meaning of print media is to draw people around the same particular public themes and issues. This role and function of print media has been important throughout the centuries and is likely to remain the same. future Towards the end of the 20th century, the sentence press is dead was found among many media panels around the world. In the 21st century, the development of Internet, electronic news and online publications have shown us that people resort to electronic media to gather information. However, reality indicates that although people read daily news online and check blogs and websites for information, they flock to the press stands when they want to hold news in their hands and want to read some deoxidiseg they trust. Impact of print media on younger propagationsThe rapid growth of print media in almost all t he major parts of the world was bound to create across-the-board changes in the life of people. Print media effects the youth two decreedly and negatively Followings are the positive effects of mediaLanguage The first to benefit from the printed words is the language itself. Younger people are far from knowing the standard language of their land. The printing of books and letters in high number standardizes the languages and make them an effective tool of communication by postureting certain meanings of words, phrases, symbols and signs. Know conductge of science and technologyThe newspapers and manuals proved a great success in highlighting the work of scientists and new ideas on technologies. Spreading the science ideas across the World, the print media worked as a catalyst for communicate the youth as well as everyone about whats going on around. Due to all this awareness, mostly younger people become intent to perform and table service in the development of their homeland. PoliticsPrint media plays a very important role in developing a sense of governing in youth. Gathering all the political news for print media such as newspapers, magazines etc. they become aware of their countrys political short letter and about whats best for their country. They understand who to keep and who to put away. In this way they become a key to their countrys success. EducationThe print media has been largely responsible for running educational campaign for ordinary people. Not only pieces of information or news are conveyed to readers, experts from almost all the major fields of life, medicine, education, environment, economists and religious scholars write in the print media. This is an enormous thing to be done by the media. Younger generations, after picking all this from print media, lean more towards education. So, print media helps in developing interest of education in youth. Bring world closerThe media has been responsible to bring the world closer. It tells s imilarities in human living and the differences so that people intending to travel due to business, health or educational purposes know in advance about the new land. It tells interest features, discoveries and historical heritage to urge people to visit each others lands and thus know each other better than before. In this way youth gets connected for education, health, business or just-for-fun purposes. In this way, the whole world excels better in every field. Promoting LiteracyPrint media such as newspapers and magazines can promote youth literacy. In rural communities in the developing world, for example, illiteracy rates whitethorn be high in the absence of any reading matter. In such cases, having any kind of readily on tap(predicate) print media can be a great benefit.Sports and entertainment Not that the media is always busy in serious and rather sober matters of education and politics, it has done a great deal of entertainment by reporting articles and information about music, sports and other inexpert activities. Younger generation learning all about sports, become enthusiastic to work out and take active part in sports which makes healthy both physically and mentally.Followings are the negative effects of print mediaExploiting Wealth and Beauty Unfortunately, print media can negatively affect youth. Magazines publish images of women who are abnormally tan, thin and blemish-free. Amid a wealth of such images, girls tend to believe they must look this perfect to be found attractive. Similarly, wealthy, muscular men are portray as the ideal in print media, which can emasculate financially struggling boys or men who dont have six-pack abs. Publishers have set a standard for what beauty is and continue to send unrealistic messages about physical perfection. Promoting Unhealthy LifestylesThe print media emphasis on wealth and beauty can lead to unhealthy behaviour. Fad diets, for example, may encourage people to lose weight too rapidly. And the statu s issues and consumerism encouraged by popular print media may encourage people to work longer hours, sacrificing sleep and exercise. And younger people are affected by all this the most as they are not very mature. Wrong MessageThe negatives in society are highlighted with the purpose of awakening people about them. For example, the negative effects of addiction are portrayed through advertisements. But unfortunately sometimes, the message is misconstrued. It reaches the masses in the wrong way. What is shown with an intent to spread a message ends up becoming a battery of the bad, the ugly. The bad is overinflated and the good goes unnoticed. Depiction of the bad has a negative meeting on kids not mature enough to interpret what they are being shown. So they may indulge in negative activities. Electronic mediaIntroduction In a world influenced by satellite and cyber-space technology, electronic media has a highly remarkable role to play in shaping the life and destiny of nations . The visual media, notably television, has a stupendous, impact upon moulding human minds and opinion. In the given scenario the electronic media has an onerous responsibility in addressing the socio-economic problems of societies and disseminating unbiased information. This responsibility can be effectively shouldered if the media treads the path of accuracy and objectivity in transmission of its programmes. DefinitionElectronic media are media that use electronics or electromechanical energy for the end-user (audience) to access the satiate. Types The primary electronic media sources familiar to the worldwide public are better known as video recordings, audio recordings, multimedia presentations, slide presentations, CD-ROM and online content. Any equipment used in the electronic communication process e.g. desktop computer, game console, take hold device, television, radio, telephone, may also be considered electronic media. Electronic media can be subdivided into two main cat egoriesBroadcast media Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via radio, television, or other, often digital transmission media. Receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively large subset of thereof. Broadcast media includes radio, television cable, satellite services and cinemas.Interactive media/Social media Interactive media is two-way media that allows both companies and customers to send and receive messages between one another. This includes websites, mobile phones, telephone etc.Significance Life is not a simple thing as it used to be in the past few centuries. People had less demands and less requirements in the past as compare to today. Today people know about their rights and they are also very well aware of their requirements and demands. The immensity of education and science cannot also be denied. So far your question that what is the role of media in our life can be explained like this. Media is playing a n important role in the systems of present life. People want to remain informed about everything and news, which is taking place anywhere in the world.The world has become a global village and this is because of media only. Now people living in different countries know everything about the people of other countries sitting at home with the help of media. Education has become very easy and understandable with the help of audio and video media because children understand things through them quite easily. The main advantage of media is current information, which is available round the clock and people remain informed about important news through radio, television and other sources. So we can say the role of media is very important in our life. Impact of electronic media on younger generationsThe attentional demands of electronic media range from rapt (video games) to passive (much TV), but this is the first generation to directly interact with and alter the content on the screen and th e conversation on the radio. Teenagers emotionally understand electronic media in ways that adults dont as a viral replicating cultural reality, instead of as a mere communicator of events. For example, portable cameras have helped to shift TVs content from melodramatic depictions to live theatre, extended (and often endlessly repeated and discussed) live coverage of such breaking events as wars, accidents, trials, sports, and talk-show arguments. What occurs anywhere is immediately available everywhere. Our world has truly become a gossipy global village, where everyone knows everyone elses business.Here is how electronic media effects the youth negativelyBlind Imitation When you try to imitate your role models from the glamor industry, do you give a thought to whether you are doing right or wrong? It is often seen that young girls and boys imitate celebrities blindly. The impact of media is such that the wrong, the controversial, the bad is more talked about. Sometimes, little t hings are blown out of proportion thus changing the way they are perceived by the audience. Media highlights controversies and scandals in the lives of celebrities. The masses fall for this being-in-the-news and end up imitating celebrities without much thought. Those at a vulnerable age, especially children and teenagers are highly influenced by anything that is put before them in a jazzy way. At that age, they are attracted to anything thats flashy and anything that can make news.Negativity To some extent, media is responsible for generating negative feelings among those exposed to it. An early exposure to bold or violent films, books publishing adult content and news portraying ugly social practices has a deep impact on young minds. If children are bombarded with fight sequences, stunt work, sex and rape scenes, suicides and murders through books or movies, they are bound to leave a scar on these impressionable minds. And not just children, the unpleasant can impact even an adult s mind. Adults may have the maturity to distinguish between the good and the bad, but bombarding only the bad can affect anyone at least at the subconscious level. Havent you had experiences of a bad dream after watching a violent movie? Or of imagining something scary happening to you after watching a horror film? Or a sudden fear captivating your mind after reading about a murder in your city? The reality should be depicted but not so garishly that itll have a lasting impact on peoples minds. Health ProblemsMedia has negative effects on the physical and psychological well-being of society. People spending hours in front of a television or surfing the Internet experience eye problems. Lack of physical activity leads to obesity problems. Media influences public opinion and impacts the choices that people make. The media does play a role in portraying thin as beautiful and fat as ugly. It has led to a general opinion that size-zero is the in thing and fat and chubby are out. This m akes the overweight feel out of place.They are ready to starve themselves to lose weight. This can and has led to increasing cases of anorexia. An inferiority complex and lowered confidence in people with not-so-perfect bodies can lead to eating disorders. In a survey done on fifth graders by the National Institute on Media and the Family, it was found that kids had become dissatisfied with their bodies after watching a video of a certain very popular artiste and a certain scene from a popular TV show (names omitted on purpose).Right or Wrong Dilemma The media is so arouse that the masses end up believing everything it says/shows. Media sources are so many in number and all of them so convincingly make their point that it is big(p) to distinguish between right and wrong. The media is constantly bombarding us with information. How far do we go to check its authenticity? How deep do we dig to get to the stock of something thats making news? How critically do we judge the reality of reality shows and the truth behind true stories? We dont think, we believe. We dont judge, we get influenced. And thats how impactive media is.

My Favorite Movies

Today, I am going to talk about my favourite(a) movies. I standardized to encounter movies very much especially I like foreign films lots than Japanese films, because I like to study foreign languages. I watch movies with English subtitle, and it is good how to learn English. Do you subsist the film titled BIG FISH? That is my best favorite movie. The story is human drama, and I fecal matter see the love between father and the son. And the story is not only human drama, but also fantasy. It is most beautiful story that I have ever seen.Every time I was questioned what is your favorite movie? I tell the story of this one. When I watch this movie, I feel my heart warming. not only foreign films, I like the films make by Hayao Miyazaki. He is one of the most storied Japanese animator in the world. Every films that he made have some messages to the world. For example, he verbalize stop deforestation in the film titled the princess of mononoke. And men characters that appear eve ry film atomic number 18 all cool and good-looking.Also I can feel love in all films made by Hayao Miyazaki. He got an Academy Award in 2003 for the great film titled Spirited Away. That was the superlative achievements for him. But he always says that he never want to be a veteran. I am very impressed his words. And what the biggest point for his movie is everyone can enjoy the story even child, even adult. To watch movies is very good habit for us. Movies give us many impressions and knowledge. I want to watch a lot of movies through my life.

Defence Mechanisms Essay

Defence mechanisms argon psychological actions brought in by the unconscious brain to change, deny or become a twisted reality. Defence mechanisms ar usu anyy referred to as swelled head defence mechanisms. A defence mechanism forms when anxiety occurs, this then means that the defence mechanisms will be triggered off. All defence mechanisms share two common properties they appear unconsciously and they tend to disfigure, transform a persons reality. Defence mechanisms occur in some level in e very(prenominal) person. umpteen play important roles in socialization and allowing the way in which people function in society.Others are seen as problems and they show signs of clients developing a dangerous psychological issue. For example regression, this means you return to a childlike articulate, this defence mechanism can birth very dangerous as it can ply to clinical issues. There are many contrary defence mechanisms such as Projection- Suggesting that others share the ban belie fs and thoughts you have, making yourself think that everyone thinks like that so it is okay to think like that as well. This can exsert to very irrational thoughts.Such as when someone is depressed they then start to believe thoughts that their fountainhead has made up maybe leading them to become suicidal. Displacement- Turning emotion into physical action (aggression) may tend to lash out to get rid of the emotion that have inside. This could lead to putting themselves and others into very serious danger as they could get progressively aggressive. This often occurs in mental health as they dont know how to deal with certain emotions and situations. Rationalization- Illogical thoughts and explanations for your behaviour.Making up excuses just to get away with it. Making up things that dont make sense. This could lead to them believing their own thoughts and first to think they are real, sending them mentally ill. This could be when a doctor/surgeon makes a luxate during a pr ocedure and they try to cover up their mistakes by using excuse and lies. Isolation- Removal of all emotional reactions so they are in emotional denial. Cant cope with all of the emotion. In a hospital a nurse/doctor could non like a patient because of different beliefs and maybe ersonalities so provides them with different treatment.If someone is in denial then they will force themselves to not believe what they have been told to be true and not accept it. For example a person is diagnosed with a terminal disease, they will not believe it and just block it out so they dont have to deal with it as they dont know how to. They are refusing to accept the situation they are in. Eventually that person will have forced it out of their head so much that they loosely think it hasnt happened and it was all just a lie.Regression this is when you return to a childlike state acting immature, for example in a family when a new sibling arrives the other sibling gets envious so therefore they ma y start to wet the bed as they want attention as they feel as if the other sibling is getting all of their parents attentions (feeling left out. ) Some people may go to therapy to identify the defence mechanisms that benefit them and work in a good way and besides to identify the defence mechanisms that are really dangerous and that they shouldnt be using.

Study: Early Marriage Likely Cause of Divorce in UAE

Early marriage is probably the main occasion of part in the UAE some 31. 5 portion of dissociate women of all nationalities in the Gulf reconcile were married before age 14, according to a recent ministry of labor and well-disposed affairs take up. The ask said that 23. 7 part of the divorced men married between the ages of 20 and 24. This and new(prenominal) statistics receive in a recent study on divorce carried out by the ministry of labor and social affairs which found, for instance, that 43 percent of the time it was the woman who sought divorce, said the study, cited by the Gulf News. With men, the icon stood at 39 percent. Twelve percent of divorce cases were arrived at on mutual agreement. The study accented that in many cases couples were divorced after they chose to share accommodation with their families. Thirty-four percent of divorced women lived with their husbands families, and 8. 7 percent of divorced men lived with their wives relatives. Financial reaso ns were a nonher key reason for divorce, said the study 45 percent of divorced people demanded independent budgets and allegedly refused to render any financial help to the other partner.According to the paper, the study warned that the ease in graveling divorce papers from Sharia Courts was another reason for the UAEs rising divorce rate. Some 67 percent of divorced people said they found it very easy to obtain divorce papers and process their separation without any requirements or conditions. The study said the cultural and clever level of divorced couples played no role in the divorce. It found that 78 percent of divorced people had virtually equivalent cultural standards.But a similar study on divorce conducted by the UAE Center for Strategic Studies and Research found that the educational level of women and divorce rates were linked, with 70 percent of divorced women holding only preparatory certificates or less, the paper said. The study pointed out that 35 percent of divorc ed women held no certificates, and said that these women faced great difficulty in life after separation.The study pointed out that the divorce rate was 40 percent in the UAE, but the rate in the coarse areas was less than that in cities. It added that the children of divorced parents were the main victims and that the rate of juvenile delinquency among these children was high. This could create a major social problem, it warned. The study urged parents to stand by their marriage agreements under any circumstance even if they did not like it, for the sake of the children Albawaba. com

Referring to your Wider Reading Essay

By Comparing Extracts A, B and C and Referring to your Wider Reading, Examine how Typical in both Style and Treatment of Subject Matter these writings are of Literature from or active the First World WarThe experiences of men and women within the state of war differed drastically, collect to the different roles played by each gender women lacked knowledge of the trauma undergone by soldiers on the countline, due to their lack of personal experience. However, there was non only contrast between men and women in their carriages and view of the war Depending on the temperament of their involvement in the war, attitudes of women were many another(prenominal) and varied, as were those of men.Written by Jessie pope, a writer well-known for the propaganda visualised by her poetry by dint ofout the war, Whos for the Game? harbours an extremely motivational, patriotic tone. This is due to the fact that Pope was commissioned to write verses that would encourage young men to join up and aff port for their res publica. As such(prenominal), this poem illustrates Popes utilisation of certain literary techniques in site to ro make use of an arguably ill-founded furore inside young men to fight to defend their country. Popes use of rhetorical questions throughout this poem acts as a gripping device, and holds the attention of the readerWhos for the game, the biggest thats played,The red, crashing game of a fight?Wholl give his country a hand?As well as demonstrating Popes use of rhetorical questions and the patriotism within her poetry, this quote excessively illustrates her technique of comparing the reprehensible war to a sports game, which is further supported by her statementWholl grip and turnout the job unafraid?in which sports terminology is utilised, in order to enable her stain audience, the young men of the time, to relate to what is being give tongue to Sports games were popular amongst boys of the early twentieth Century, and by comparing the w ar to a such a game, Pope appeals to these boys. The above quote also demonstrates Popes technique of challenging the masculinity of the young men, as she implies that those who dont fight are cowards, again this is further developed by the statementWho would much rather come cover on a crutchThan lie low and be out of the fun?As she was animal of the atrociousness of the reality of war, Popes idealisation of, and her nave, patriotic approach to the war enraged many of those who were actively involved in the fighting. World War One poet, Wilfred Owen, particularly despised Pope for her substance abuse of romanticising the aspects of war that she was imbruted of. He was in fact so passionate about his dislike for her that he directly addresses her, in Dulce et Decorum Est, when he states,If you could hearthe bloodCome gargling from the froth corrupted lungsMy friend, you would not tell with such high zestTo children ardent for some desperate gloryThe old consist Dulce et decorum estPro patria mori.Expressing a similar attitude to that of Pope, Marian Allen glorifies the war in her poem, The Wind on the Downs, in which she speaks of her inability to accept the stopping point of a love one. In support of this subject matter, a disbelieving, longing tone is conveyed, with a sense of naivety also conveyed by Pope in Whos for the Game. This naivety is present due to the lack of personal experience that these two writers claim had of the brutal reality of the First World War.As Pope remained on the post front in order to write poetry for the newspapers, Allen was natural of many more women at the time of the war she remained at home whilst her lover went to fight in the war, and consequently she had view of war that was such due to the propaganda portrayed by the media and writers such as Pope. Allens use of soft and endearing language develops this idea of Allen as a nave writer in terms of the War, as her failure to accept her lovers death is symbolic of he r genuine ignorance to the constitution of his death, and in fact life, whilst serving. The repetition of this denial towards her loss reinforces this pointYou begin not died, it is not trueThat you are round about me, I believeHow should you leave me, having loved me so?It seemed impossible that you should die.That were introduced to the concept of his death through her line,Because they tell me, dear, that you are suddenly,carries with it an air of denial, due to her expression that she was told, and not that she actually believes it herself. The line would be much less effective had it saidBecause you are dead.Allens idealisation of her lover and his life in, and out of the war, may be due to the manner in which she received the news of his death, and how little of the integrity she was told. This is a subject directly communicate by Siegfried Sassoon in The Hero, as he speaks of the gallant lies an officer had delivered to the mother of a soldier who had actually died a hor rific death. It is portrayed by Allen that her and her lover thought of many things and spoke of hardly a(prenominal) when he returned home on leave, thereby conveying that he found it difficult to speak of the integrity to her.This seeming feeling of not being able to confide in anyone one the home front was common amongst soldiers in the First World War. R.C Sherriff demonstrates it in his play Journeys End through Stanhopes reluctance to take leave, and Susan Hill illustrates it through Hilliards emotional isolation from his family in distant Meeting, as he cannot even speak to his sister of the nightmares he encounters whilst at home on leave. Had Allen known the honest nature of her lovers death, and life at war, she may have express a different view through this poem.Vera Brittain did gain an insight into the reality of what life must have been like for the men at war, through receiving her dead fiancs uniform via post. The refined view she take of the war was aided by th e condition of the uniform damp and worn and simply caked with bodge, exhibiting the seaman made by the bullet that killed him. These quotes are taken from Extract C, an extract from Letters from a doomed Generation. In this particular letter, Brittain is writing to her brother about the terrible ordeal of examining the uniform, an experience that turn up to be somewhat revelatory for Brittain, as it was this following the loss of her fianc that spurred her to join up and become a V.A.D.Brittain composed this letter in 1916, which was a pivotal twelvemonth within the war a year in which many attitudes of those who previously supported the war were manipulated by its seeming newfound futility. Owen expresses in Futility,Was it for this the form grew tall?which strongly conveys his view that the war became superfluous, and that the Earth did not develop to be destroyed in such a brutal, futile way. Siegfried Sassoon also made a famous declaration stating his opposition to the len gthiness of the War in 1917, as a result of events in 1916, such as the infamous passage of arms of the Somme. This declaration, and therefore Sassoons change of view towards the war is a component of Pat Barkers Regeneration.The form of a letter allows Brittain to utilise several literary techniques, such as change sentence lengths and use of the five senses to create impact. Effective examples of blunt sentences used by Brittain are,It was terribleAndNo, they were not him.These two statements demonstrate how Brittain made use of short sentences in order to reflect the blunt, direct nature in which her realisation of the reality of war hit her. In contrast to these short sentences, Brittain displays many conglomerate sentences in order to convey a vivid image of the scene of the uniform before herThe mud of France which covered them was not ordinary mud it had not the usual clean, pure smell of earth, but it was as though it were saturated with dead bodies- dead that had been de ad a long, long time.This sentence illustrates Brittains use of powerful adjectives, such as saturated, to strengthen her intended effect, and her application of the repletion of long, and dead, in order to emphasise certain factors of what she is conveying.Varying sentence lengths is not a facet of any Allens The Wind on the Downs or Popes Whos for the Game. This is due to these extracts victorious the forms of poems, which makes it difficult for such a technique to be applied. However, Pope manages to exploit her chosen form of a poem in order to aid her purpose.She imposes a strong marching rhythm, which is supported by the typical ABAB rhyme scheme, thereby giving her poem a sense of soldiers marching to war, which can be comprehend by the young men reading it. Similarly, Allen makes use of a regular rhyme scheme in order to give her poem fluidity and enhance the idealised depiction of death, which inevitably highlights Allens ignorance to the truth of conditions at war. Pope employs simple language and colloquialisms in her poem, due to its form and audience As it appeared in a national newspaper, the audience was broad, and so the use of simple language meant the poem would appeal to everyone. The colloquialisms, such aslie lowgive his country a handillustrate Popes ability to relate to her intended audience, as boys of the time would find this language common and therefore booming to relate to. The patriotism conveyed by Pope is also illustrated through the latter of the two colloquialisms above. This patriotic attitude was shared by Rupert Brooke, as is conveyed through his poem, The Soldier when he writesA dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware,Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ship canal to roamBrooke died of dysentery before carrying out any active service in the war, and therefore, he too was ignorant of the true conditions of life in the trenches. Thus, his poetry often illustrated naivety and patriotism, similar to others, like Pope an d Allen, who were ignorant of the brutal reality of war.Through comparing these three texts we can consequently deduce that although one would sorb women to have adopted a romantic view towards the act of fighting for ones country due to their lack of active involvement in the war, there were actually a range of views produced amongst women as a result of the first world war, expressed through their various pieces of literature.

Tolerance and World Peace

Tolerance and domain of a function Peace What is the meaning of adjustment or realism peace? Tolerance is the ability to the fundamental of early(a)wise cultures without using individuals or take culture to contrast others. World peace is the freedom, peace, and happiness between wholly nations and people. The two articles, Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism by Martha Nussbaum and Dont Forget the Little Plattons by Michael McConnel, explains the tolerance and cultures. In my own understanding from the 2 articles, I bring forward patriotism is opposite from the tolerance.However, the more patriotic the citizen is towards their own country, they will change by reversal less tolerant of other cultures. Nussbaum argues that all citizens should act cosmopolitanism to be sure there ar truth, peace and justice in the universe of discourse. Every unity should be able to come together as a single body1 (Nussbaum 1996, 10) to unite with other fellow human race beings and not categori ze each other into groups. This will lead to an increase of argonna peace. There is a quote when Nussbaum correspond with this, It is this community that is, fundamentally, the source of our virtuous obligations.With respect to the most basic moral values, such as justice, We should regard all human beings as our fellow citizens and neighbors. We should regard our deliberations as, firstborn and foremost, deliberations round human problems of people in particular concrete situations, not problems bringing out of a national identity that is altogether unlike that of others. 2 (Nussbaum 1996, 7) This quote is referring to when the human that be living in the world today should observe being as a citizen for their country and neighbours within their community.When the citizen is devoting himself to the nation, it is most belike for the person to be more ignorant of the values and rights to be followed around the world. This is why there is no world peace because citizen would rather to focus on his or her own values and rights. There are other options for students as an advantage to be learning more or less other cultures and beliefs. As students here grow up, is it sufficient for them to learn that they are above all citizens of the United States but that they ought to respect the basic human rights of citizens of India, Bolivia, Nigeria and Norway 3 (Nussbaum 1996, 6)To bring changes to the tolerance level of nationalities is the students to be taught that they are the citizens of the world, not the citizen of their country. If the teachers in school taught the students more some other cultures from diametrical countries this will build more tolerance education in the students. They would fix better understanding of their beliefs and cultures and also others too. This will benefit a difference within the nationalities to the highest degree tolerance.There are three arguments for the second concept of education from the Stoics that Nussbaum explai n about tolerance and a bit of world peace. Firstly, they occupy that they study of humanity as it is realized in the whole world is valuable for self-knowledge we soak up ourselves more clearly when we see our ways in relation to those of other reasonable people. 4 (Nussbaum 1996, 8) I agree with him because we are here in this world for a reason, we are here to learn about the world as ane society, world peace.World peace will make it easier for people to relate to others to dramatize more self-knowledge like self-actualization. Secondly, that we will be better table to solve our problems if we face them in this way. 5 (Nussbaum 1996, 8) This is true because looking in the past of the history from different politics has been cause from assassinations and wars. The best workout is Hilter and his Nazi army when they try to take over Europe by killing people that are different such as being black, disable, Jews and more. We try to avoid these dangers by decreasing large groups i n the world community.Finally, they talk about that stance of the kosmou polites is intrinsically valuable, for it recognizes in people what is especially fundamental about them, most worthy of respect and acknowledgement 6 (Nussbaum 1996, 8) If the world is seen as one society or entity, citizen will be tolerance about their heathenish difference. They will focus more on what they would be possessed of in common. These qualities may be less colourful than local or national traditions and identities 7 (Nussbaum 1996, 8) We as individual still keep our culture, traditions, religion, and ethnicity all the same though the world is going to unite as one society.Even though the world comes together as world peace, it does not represent that we will not be able to undefined ourselves of whom we are. The point of this is to not separate each citizen from our community we are part of. But, we should hold the humanity that is part of it. This is how we should visualize ourselves as, Our t ask as citizens of the world will be to draw the circles someways toward the center. Making all human beings more like our fellow city-dwellers, and so on. We need to give up our special affections and identifications, whether ethnic or gender-based or religious.We need not conceptualize of them as superficial, and we may think for our identity as constituted partly by them. 8 (Nussbaum 1996, 9) When I read Nussbaums article, I thought Isnt Nussbaum being to self-centered? But when I over read it again I understood her arguments and points she was pointing out relating to tolerance. On the other hand, McConnells article had also suitable points he precious to argue about. With McConnells point, I agree to what he is explaining about tolerance that it does not come from the educational wise but it comes from home whereas family and older generation explain their own culture.Most of my point of view of different culture or belief did come from teaching in school when I took a Worl d Religion course in grade 10. I learn a lot more about other beliefs and cultures more than usual. It was interesting because most culture have their own traditions that are practically the said(prenominal) traditions than other cultures. I also learn the ideas from my family and realtives. I do believe that the students should learn and understand the cultural teachings in school, so that they have a strong influence that could possibly change their perceptions. They key to moral education is to fuse the sentiments (especially love) to teaching of the good. We begin to do good because we love our preceptors (especially our parents) we require to please them and we want to be like them. We continue to do good because that is the kind of person we have grown up to be. 9 (McConnel1996, 79) McConnell is trying to say in this quote is that tolerance start at home and than become more involving with the community. He also said that one could be part of the local community even though cosmopolitanism states that.But, it cannot be forgotten that the main purpose is to look at the world as a one society, world peace. Things will have to be accepted in some days where as it is possible that the communities maybe forgotten. To the conclusion, the 2 articles Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism by Martha Nussbaum and Dont Forget the Little Plattons by Michael McConnel, had made excellent point of view of their own opinion about tolerance and cultures. I agree more of Nussbaum side because he stated that the world would be a better place if we all became more tolerant of other beliefs.This will help the world to have peace and as one culture. A way to change this is to change the teaching in school, whereas students can learn more about other cultures. However, the students opinions will change with the influence when the parent or relative tell the stories about their own culture. Another argument is the Stoics when the world was to get ride of smaller political groups tha t the war of dangers would be reduced. some(prenominal) sides of these two arguments had made perfect sense points about the authors opinion about tolerance and world peace.It is hard to select which to select as the best points, but in my opinion I liked Nassbaum points because she explained the benefits. On the other hand, McConnell explained the potentials. Nassbaum leaves me with better agreement on his article. Notes 1. Martha Nussbaum et al. , Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism, in For Love of country Debating the limits of patriotism, ed. Joshua Cohen (capital of Massachusetts Beacon Press, 1996), 10. 2. Nussbaum, 7. 3. Nussbaum, 6. 4. Nussbaum, 8. 5. Nussbaum, 8. 6. Nussbaum, 8. 7. Nussbaum, 8. 8. Nussbaum, 9. 9.Micheal McConnell et al. , Dont Forget the Little Platoons, in For Love of Country Debating the limits of patriotism, ed. Joshua Cohen (Boston Beacon Press, 1996), 79. full treatment Cited McConnell, Michael. et al. Dont Forget the Little Platoons. In For Love of Cou ntry Debating the limits of patriotism, edited by Joshua Cohen, 78-84. Boston Beacon Press, 1996. Nussbaum, Martha, et al. Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism. In For Love of Country Debating the limits of patriotism, edited by Joshua Cohen, 2-17. Boston Beacon Press, 1996.

Electronic Commerce and Internet Law in Canada Assignment - 1

Electronic Commerce and Internet objurgateeousness in Canada - Assignment ExampleThe researcher states that under Canadian law, a copyright possessor has the right to choose between actual damages or statutory damages under the Copyright Act. echt damages will be the amount lost as a result of infringement and statutory damages can expose Jane to liability for $20,000 for each individual program that has been illegally copied. Online contracting in Novia Scotia is regulated by the Electronic Commerce Act, which adopts the Uniform Electronic Commerce Act of Canada (UECA). Additionally, the UECA adopts the United Nations 1996 flummox Law on Electronic Commerce and the Novia Scotias Electronic Commerce Act (2000) is nearly kindred to the UECA model. In the current scenario, the central issue of contention is whether Melvin is bound by the contract. The fundamental issues impacting online contracting ar the common law concepts of offer, adoption, and jurisdiction. Indeed Scassa & Deturbide highlight the central questions in online contracting being as follows Is an owner of a web site merely soliciting offers, or is an offer being made that is capable of being accepted? When and where is acceptance made? What impact do electronic agents have on the offer and acceptance paradigm?. Additionally, Section 20(1) of the UECA as embodied in the Electronic Commerce Act (2000) acknowledges that online interactive forms of parley constitute binding contracts. Moreover, online contracts are now completely recognized by Canadian courts in contractual disputes.